1. Introduction - 2. Women and men: changing roles in a changing economy - 3. The family as an economic unit - 4. The allocation of time between the household and the labor market - 5. Differences in Occupations and earnings: overview - 6. Differences in occupations and earnings: The human capital model - 7. Differences in occupations and earnings: The role of labor market discrimination - 8. Recent developments in earnings - 9. Recent employment trends - 10. Changing work roles and the family - 11. Policies affecting paid work and the family - 12. Gender differences in other countries